Safety device for containers holding liquids which develop explosive gases



l.. GLUCK SAFETY DEVICE FOR CONTAINERS HOLDING 1,816,323v LIQUIDS July 28. 1931.

' WHICH DEVELOP EXPLOSIVE GASES Filed June 1, 1928 Illini/[Il Iliff/Ill', y y y III/ll' V n! IVI/,lll

.ffy-ff INVENTOR La ATTORNEY A Patented July .28, 1931 `UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LUDovIc GLCK, oF ABAD, RUMANIA 'SAFETY DEVICE Fon colv'rrlnvnns'.HOLDINGr LIQUIDE;l WHICH DEVELOP ExPLosIvE GAsEs vApplication filed `.Tune 1, 1928, Serial No. 282,157, and in Hungary June 4, 1927.

The safety devices hitherto in use secured safety against explosions as a rule'only during he period of filling the container.

vices were perforated cylindrical tubes ro- At; vided with a bottom and a double wall, the `tubes being inserted into ythe container and, after the latter had been lled, sealed by means of a solid cover or with a plug. In the latter case, a furtherprotecting cover `was used. Once the safety filling tubes had been sealed, the containers vwere by no means rendered safe,`for example, during conveyance or when stored, since 'in case of fire the excess Apressure of the gases which were developed l5 burt the containers and an explosion envsue."` l

Y 'Experiments have also been made with devices in which at a certain temperature the seal is fused, loutv these devices are of a com- Y BOfplicated design Aand,-moreover, on the one hand they are not reliable and, on th'e`other hand, after lthe seal had fused special work which,*however, it `was not always possible 'togexecute,f was necessary in order to put the '25 seal right again; in-Vsuch cases the containers were merely solidly sealed again.

. rlhe object of the present'invention is the productionof a safety ldevice which 'provides complete security against explosions for containers holding liquids whichvdevelop gases even should the containers be'exposed to fire. Further, the present invention effects an improvement in the familiar filling tube, or filling liner.

Accordingly and in accordance with the present invention the filling liner is used with 1 an 'outlet-sealing liner whichv consists of a lower part that comprises the outlet and .is provided with a: sealing valve; the gases 40 owing to their excess pressure lift the sealing valve and can then escape through the sea-ling liner; further,in accordance withv the present invention, the filling liner consists of two j .special perforated hollow bodies inserted one .45. ywithin the` other, and maintained in relative position. Y: Three forms ofthe device comprising the subjectr matter of the present invention are shown by way of example. in the accompany- 111g drawlng i These def open metalcylinderQ Fig. 2 which is held vand 1 fixed in the cylinder l bly means ofthe groove 3 which is subsequently pressed in.v The jacket of the cylinder l Fig. l lying below ythe groove 3 `is 'provided with oblique incisions l directed from outside inwards, but the bottom of the jacket is provided with fine perforations l". The spirally shaped jacket bottom of the jacket are of a'circulary shape; theunperforated spiral Vshaped herring bone edgeof'the jacketV constitutes a stiffening rib.

screw thread lc by means of which the entire safety device can be screwed into the container, not shown in the drawings. Further, the upper open end of the cylinder 'l is also provided with inner threads 1a Fig. 2 into -which the outlet-sealing filler designated as a whole by 25 'is screwe ,The lower portionf'ofthis sealing filler,

'of the cylinder2 is vprovided alongjthe spirals with triangular holes 2a' likewise directed .from outside inwards, but the holesQb in the the hollowlscrew 4, is screwed bymeans of its' l -outer thread 4, as previously described, into the innerthread 1d on the cylinderl; thei hexagonal 'head ofthe hollow lscrew 4 facilitates the screwing of the entire safety device into the container, andl after this hasbeen screwed on the hexagonalv head completely seals theinlet opening in the container and lies against the wall of the container. The hollow screw 4 is formed ,internally as a valve seat 5`the circular opening 6 of which loaded-by afspring 8 which is pressed against the ball valve 7 by the cap screw 9 which Vis sealed by 'the ball valvef?.` v'The valve is vvalves 14 yand A15.

forms the upper portion of the sealing liner and is provided with openings, the cap screw is screwed into the inner screw thread of the hollow screw 4. The hollow screw 4 is further provided below the valve seat with the perforated metal basket 10.

The safety device is mounted and its efi'ect is as follows:

The ball valve 7 is placed over the opening 6 of the valve seat provided in the hollow screw 4. The spring 8 is placed on the ball valve 7, then the screw cap 9 is screwed on to the inner screw thread of the hollow screw 4,

vwhereby the cap screw 9 presses the spring 8 against the ball valve 7, so that the ball valve seats on the valve seat 5 and completely seals the opening 6. The outlet sealing liner 25 assembled in this way is screwed into the inner screw thread 1d provided in the upper open end of the cylinder 1 of the filling liner. The safety device put together in this way is inserted into the container through its inlet opening and suitably fastened therein.

When the container is being filled, the outlet-sealing liner is unscrewed from the filling liner. In the event of the gases becoming ignited, an explosion is prevented in t-he familiar way owing to the perforated surfaces of the filling liner.

If for any reason an excess pressure should ensue after the outlet-sealing liner has been screwed into the filling liner, then the gases penetratingr through the perforated metal basket 10 will overcome the eect of the spring 8, will lift the ball valve 7 and escape through the opening 6 as also through the cap screw 9. Should these gases, however, become ignited on the outside of the device then the confiagration will not extend even as far as the filling liner, because the perforated metal basket 10 blocks the path of the fiames.

The second form of construction Fig. 3 is more particularly suitable for retail containers. In this case the filling liner is formed by the perforated metal baskets 11 and 12, which can be soldered together at their upper open ends. The outlet-sealing liner is designed as a double valve. The cone shaped lower valve seat 13 of which is provided with holes 13 -and is secured -to the container; co-operating vwith th-is valve seat the gas valve 14 which opens upwards and is lifted by the Agases when there is any eX- eess pressure. Thelgas valve 14 serves simultaneously :as afseat for the liquid yvalve '15 which 'opens downwards land Tis Apressed down -on Vto its seat by the :spring 16. The valve rod 17 serves the purpose of :a guide for the For the sake of clarity the valve 14 asalso the valve 15 are shown yin -the Aopen fposition.

comes the tension of the spring 16, the liquid valve 15 opens downwards and the liquid passes through the openings 18 in the gas valve 14 which is now in the closed position, then through the lower openings 13" in the valve seat 13 into the filling liner and from thence into the container. Except when the container is being filled, the liquid'valve 15 is always pressed against the seat formed by the valve 14.

In the third form of construction as shown at Fig. 4, which is suitable mainly for smaller containers, the filling liner is identical with that shown in the first form of construction 1, with the difference, nevertheless, that in this case Fig. 4 the metal cylinders 1X and 2X are not joined together by means of a groove, but by having their upper open ends soldered together. The ball valve 7X lies owing to its own dead `weight. on the valve seat 19 formed in the sealing liner. If owing to excess pressure the ball valve 7X is lifted, then the flow through the now released openin the valve seat 19 and escape through the lateral openings 20.

Since in this form of construction the ball valve 7X is not loaded, it will come into action even when there is a very slight increase in the temperature of the gases.

Within the limits of their design and effeet also the characteristics of the present invention can be freely modified, without Athe invention itself suffering any modification thereby.

Thus for example the shape, material and dimensions of the filling liner and of the sealling liner can be selected so as to suit any requirements existing from time to time.

It is preferable to produce the device by a cold process, and to avoid any'soldering and l thus to enhance considerably ythe safety in working.

The lling liner can also vbe constructed preferably in such a way that same can neither drop into the containernor can it be removed therefrom and so as to be inaccessible. Should the accessible cylinder 2 be injured in any way, the cylinder 1 will still afford ample security.

Between the outer and the inner hollow body of the filling liner one or two distance pieces can be arranged, for example, a wire runningl along between them. The openings in the outer hollow body end 'in edges which are turned inwards and which are constructed in such a wav that they cannot be penetrated by the flameus. Owing to the ribbed formation of the inner hollow body, any heatthat is set up is distributed over a fairly large surface. The perforations in the inner hollow body can be arranged anywhere on the lower portion of the rib; the great advantage ofthe triangular perforation is to be found in the fact that any dames which may arise are split up into three portions.

The openings in the outlet surfaces are not conditional to the shape and to the method of construction of the ydescribed openings.

What I claim as my 'invention and desire v to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A safety closure for pressure storage containers, comprising a pair of perforated members, one nested within the other, one of the members having its side walls formed in spiral grooves and ridges with incisions driven inwardly, and a yieldably mounted n valve for the closure to relieve pressure above a certain amount from the container.

2. Av safety closure for pressure storage containers, comprising perforated baskets nested one within the other, and connected at their open ends, the erforationsof one of said baskets being triangularly shaped incisions driven inwardly, and valve means for the open ends of the baskets to open under excess pressure from the interior of the container.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aiX my signature.

, LUDOVIC GLCK. 

